How To Setup Nginx On Ubuntu
Introduction
Nginx is a powerful web server that is very popular among Linux users. It is open-source and comes with great features such as scalability, performance, etc. Setting Up Nginx on an Ubuntu Linux operating system is a very easy process and only needs a few commands.
1. Installing Nginx On Ubuntu
First of all, you need to install Nginx on your Ubuntu system. To do this, open the terminal and enter the following command:
$ sudo apt-get update
This command updates the Ubuntu package list. After this, enter the following command to install Nginx:
$ sudo apt-get install nginx
This will install Nginx on your system. After the installation is complete, you can start the Nginx service with the following command:
$ sudo service nginx start
Now, you can visit the following URL in your web browser to check if the installation was successful:
http://localhost
If you see the “Ubuntu” webpage, congratulations, you have successfully installed Nginx on your Ubuntu system.
2. Configuring Nginx
Now that you have installed Nginx, you need to configure it. This can be done by editing the configuration file located in the following directory:
/etc/nginx/
The main configuration file is “nginx.conf”. You need to edit this file according to the requirements for your website. After you are done with the changes, you can save and exit.
3. Restart Nginx
Once you are done with the configuration, you need to restart Nginx in order for the changes to take effect. You can do this by entering the following command in the terminal:
$ sudo service nginx restart
Now, your new configuration will be used by Nginx. You can verify this by visiting your website in a web browser.
4. Configuring Virtual Hosts
If you are running multiple websites on one server, you need to configure virtual hosts for each of them. Virtual hosts allow you to host multiple websites on one server by assigning each website a unique IP address. To create a virtual host, you need to create a new configuration file in the following directory:
/etc/nginx/sites-available
You need to enter the details of the website in this file and then create a symbolic link in the following directory:
/etc/nginx/sites-enabled
Once you have created the symbolic link, you can restart Nginx. The virtual host will be enabled and you can access it in a web browser.
5. Setting Up SSL
If you want to use SSL, you need to install the openSSL package on your system. You can do this with the following command:
$ sudo apt-get install openssl
After this, you need to generate a certificate signing request (CSR) and send it to a Certificate Authority (CA) to get an SSL certificate. Once you have the certificate, you need to configure the Nginx server to use it. You can do this by editing the configuration file and adding the following settings:
ssl_certificate path/to/certificate.pem;
ssl_certificate_key path/to/certificate_key.pem;
Then, you can save and exit the file. After this, you need to restart Nginx and it will use the SSL certificate.
6. Setting Up File Permissions
Finally, you need to set the file permissions correctly for your website’s files. This can be done with the following command:
$ chown -R www-data /var/www/example
This command will set the correct ownership and permissions for the files. Note that the “www-data” is the user that Nginx will be running under.
Conclusion
In this article, we have discussed how to setup Nginx on an Ubuntu system. We have also discussed how to configure virtual hosts, set upSSL, and set file permissions. We hope this article has been helpful and you are now able to setup Nginx on your system.
Thank you for reading this article. Please read our other articles on Nginx and Linux.
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