Setting Serverblock For Domain Using Nginx On Ubuntu 18.04

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Setting ServerBlock For Domain Using Nginx On Ubuntu 18.04

Introduction

Nginx is a powerful open-source web server that can be used for serving static, dynamic websites and applications. Nginx is probably the most popular web server out there and has gained a lot of attention in recent years due to its high performance and low resource utilization. The ServerBlock feature of Nginx allows you to securely configure and host multiple websites on a single instance of Nginx. In this guide, we will discuss how to set up a ServerBlock for a domain using Nginx on Ubuntu 18.04.

Prerequisites

Before you can set up a ServerBlock for a domain, you will need the following:

A domain name registered with a domain registrar.

A web server running Ubuntu 18.04.

A user account with sudo privileges.

Nginx installed and configured on your server.

Step 1: Creating the Nginx ServerBlock for the Domain

The first step in creating an Nginx ServerBlock is to create the configuration file for the domain. To do this, you need to create a file with a name that matches the domain name. In this guide, we will use the domain example.com for our example. Create a file in the /etc/nginx/sites-available directory with the domain name and add the following configuration:

“`
server {
listen 80;
listen [::]:80;
server_name example.com www.example.com;
root /var/www/example.com/html;

index index.html index.htm index.nginx-debian.html;

location / {
try_files $uri $uri/ =404;
}
}
“`

The file contains the necessary configuration for the domain. In the configuration, we:

Specified the port and the hostname that should be used for the domain.

Specified the root directory for the domain.

Set the index files for the domain.

Configured the location block to redirect requests to the appropriate files or routes.

Save and close the file when you are finished.

Step 2: Enabling the Nginx ServerBlock

Now that the configuration file is created, you need to enable the ServerBlock for the domain. To do this, you need to create a symbolic link for the configuration file. The symbolic link should point to the /etc/nginx/sites-enabled directory. You can create the symbolic link with the following command:

“`
sudo ln -s /etc/nginx/sites-available/example.com /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/
“`

Once the symbolic link is created, you need to check the configuration file for any syntax errors. You can do this with the following command:

“`
sudo nginx -t
“`

If there are no errors in the configuration file, you can restart Nginx for the changes to take effect. You can do this with the following command:

“`
sudo systemctl restart nginx
“`

Step 3: Creating the Document Root Directory

The next step in setting up the ServerBlock is to create the document root directory for the domain. The document root directory is the directory where all of the public files for the domain will be stored. For our example domain, we will create the directory in the /var/www/example.com/html directory with the following command:

“`
sudo mkdir -p /var/www/example.com/html
“`

Next, you need to assign the proper permissions to the document root directory. The Nginx user, www-data, should have read and write permissions on the directory. You can assign the correct permissions with the following command:

“`
sudo chown -R www-data:www-data /var/www/example.com/html
“`

Once the permissions are set, you can create an index.html file inside the document root directory. This file will be the default page for the domain. You can create the file with the following command:

“`
sudo nano /var/www/example.com/html/index.html
“`

Inside the file, add the following contents:

“`

Welcome to example.com!

Success! The example.com server block is working!

“`

Save and close the file when you are finished.

Conclusion

In this tutorial, we have demonstrated how to set up a ServerBlock for a domain using Nginx on Ubuntu 18.04. We have discussed the prerequisites for setting up a ServerBlock and explained the steps necessary to set up the ServerBlock step-by-step. With this knowledge, you should be able to securely and reliably serve multiple websites on a single instance of Nginx.

Frequently Asked Questions

Q1. How do I create a Nginx ServerBlock for my domain?

A1. To create a Nginx ServerBlock for a domain, you need to create a configuration file with a name that matches the domain name in the /etc/nginx/sites-available directory. Then, you need to create a symbolic link for the configuration file in the /etc/nginx/sites-enabled directory. Finally, you need to check for any syntax errors and restart Nginx for the changes to take effect.

Q2. What is the document root directory for a ServerBlock?

A2. The document root directory is the directory where all of the public files for a domain will be stored. For example, if the domain is example.com, the document root directory will be /var/www/example.com/html.

Q3. How can I check for any syntax errors in the configuration file?

A3. To check for any syntax errors in the configuration file, you can use the following command: sudo nginx -t.

Thank you for reading this article! If you found it helpful, please check out our other articles.

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